Chapter 3 Practice Test – EXTRA CREDIT
Print this test and answer all questions.
Turn this completed test in on TEST DAY and receive
extra credit.
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at
the left.
1) The cytoplasm is the part
of the cell in which
A) DNA is located
B) proteins are made
C) chromosomes are located
D) RNA is made
2) A mutation that causes
disease resistance in potatoes is a(n)
A) harmful mutation
B) neutral mutation
C) helpful mutation
D) environmental mutation
3) The process by which the
number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells is
A) protein synthesis
B) meiosis
C) heredity
D) probability
4) In the first step of
protein synthesis,
A) messenger RNA attaches to a
ribosome
B) messenger RNA is made using DNA as a pattern
C) the ribosome releases the completed protein chain
D) transfer RNA carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome
5) Gregor Mendel’s work was
the foundation for understanding why
A) the results of one genetic cross do not affect the outcome
of a second cross.
B) sex cells have half the number of chromosomes that body
cells have.
C) protein synthesis occurs in the
cytoplasm
D) offspring have traits similar to
their parents.
6) In the genetic code, a
group of three nitrogen bases codes for the attachment of a specific
A) messenger RNA
B) protein
C) transfer RNA
D) amino acids
7) For codominant
traits, heterozygotes have the phenotype of
A) both alleles
B) only the recessive allele
C) neither the dominant nor the recessive
allele
D) only the dominant allele
8) During meiosis, sex cells
form when chromosomes pairs are
A) doubled
B) copied
C) separated
D) combined
9) An organism’s phenotype is
its
A) physical appearance
B) genetic makeup
C) allele combinations
D) probability occurring
10) An allele whose trait
always shows up in an organism when the allele is present is a
A) gene
B) dominant allele
C) recessive allele
D) heredity factor
Fill in the blanks to complete each statement
11) According to the
chromosome theory of inheritance, ________________ are carried from parent to
offspring on chromosomes.
12) A ___________________ is
a change in a gene or chromosome.
13) When a plant has two
recessive alleles for short stems, its alleles are written as _______________.
14) A(n)
__________________organism has two different alleles for a trait.
15) Traits are controlled by
______________ of genes.
If the statement is true write true. If it is false,
change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
_______________________ 16) If a coin lands heads up once, then there is a 75 percent
chance that the coin will land heads up the next time.
_______________________ 17) Chromosomes
are made up of proteins joined together like beads on a string.
_______________________ 18) The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called genetics.
_______________________ 19) Unlike
DNA, RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil.
_______________________ 20) Probability
is the likelihood that a particular event will happen.
Write an answer for each of the following in the
spaces provided.
21) Describe what occurs
during the process of protein synthesis.
22) Green (G) is the dominant
color for pods in pea plants. Yellow (g) is recessive. Is it possible to have a
heterozygous yellow pod? Explain.
23) Why is messenger RNA
necessary for protein synthesis?